The church was built 1,700 years ago on what is believed to be the site of Jesus’ birth. It sits today within the West Bank, under Israeli occupation.

It is the first time that a submission has been made to achieve World Heritage status for the church. UNESCO gives the distinguished title to sites of “outstanding universal value to humanity”.

Palestinian Authority Minister of Tourism and Antiquities, Khouloud Daibes, said: “This step is part and parcel of our plan to end the [Israeli] occupation and build the institutions of the state of Palestine.

The Church of the Holy Sepulchre in the Old City of Jerusalem has enjoyed UNESCO World Heritage Status for the last 30 years but the Church of the Nativity remains off the list because Palestine is not a recognised state.

Both churches are visited by millions of pilgrims each year, with the Church of the Nativity expected to welcome two million visitors through its doors in 2011 alone.

The Mayor of Bethlehem, Victor Baterseh,was quoted by Agence France-Presse as saying: "Where Jesus Christ was born is one of the most important cultural places in the world. It is from here that the message of peace and light was brought to the world by the Prince of Peace.”